Underground

The Tokyo Gas Attack and the Japanese Psyche

By: Haruki Murakami

Narrated by: Feodor Chin, Ian Anthony Dale, Janet Song

In this haunting work of journalistic investigation, Haruki Murakami tells the story of the horrific terrorist attack on Japanese soil that shook the entire world.

On a clear spring day in 1995, five members of a religious cult unleashed poison gas on the Tokyo subway system. In attempt to discover why, Haruki Murakmi talks to the people who lived through the catastrophe, and in so doing lays bare the Japanese psyche. As he discerns the fundamental issues that led to the attack, Murakami paints a clear vision of an event that could occur anytime, anywhere.

©1997 Haruki Murakami (P)2013 Random House Audio

Critic reviews

“Chilling...Murakami weaves a compelling true tale of normal lives faced with abnormal realities.” ( Sunday Tribune)

“Powerfully observed. . . . A rattling chronicle of violence and terror.” ( Kirkus Reviews)

“Through Murakami’s sensitive yet relentless questioning, it emerges that the people who joined Aum felt just as adrift in the world as Murakami’s own [fictional] characters do.” ( The Guardian)

Insight …

An insight into the Japanese psyche. Mr. Murakami patiently sits outside the story with an occasional interjection @ the precise moment!

Important piece to support reflection

Fascinating and relevant story to stimulate reflection about both society and one’s self in it.

A Potrait of a Day

What did you love best about Underground?

That Murakami was able to step back and let the stories tell themselves.

If you could give Underground a new subtitle, what would it be?

20 March 1995

Humans

Murakami is my favorite author of stories that pry at the subconscious and touch upon human experiences that few others can capture in words. I’ve read most of his fiction and this was only my second of his non-fiction works (the other being The Reason I Jump). Before listening to this, ‘sarin gas on the Tokyo subway by cultists’ was about all I could dredge up from my memories of tv and radio news here in the U.S. back in the mid-90’s. Now I view it as a dark crux of a society in transition, which could really be any society at any point in human history. Getting the keen perspective of Haruki Murakami through his interactions with a whole spectrum of people involved in the event worked wonders for me. Studs Turkel would be proud and probably deeply moved too.

I’m class reading

I was assigned to read some of this book for a class but I ended up reading the whole thing. I think we really are taken on a journey by Murakami as the guide. But everything is left for us to decide.

Compelling

This is everything a great oral history of an inexplicable but significant event should be.

A clue yo understand Murakami an Japanese culture

This non-fiction is a must in order to understand modern Japanese culture and it’s literary fiction. You get a glimpse into Haruki Murakami’s world, his wells, underground passages to the unknown worlds.

Bland Interviewer

I really wanted to give high marks to Haruki Murakami for reporting the victims' stories about the Tokyo subway sarin attack in 1995, "Underground", but I almost couldn't listen to any of their stories anymore. I found that Haruki Murakami's reporting style to be very bland and boring. After a while there was too many of the victims' stories all bunch together, where I found it tiresome to listen to.

As for the interviews of Aum Shinrikyo's members, it was interesting, but I preferred hearing from the victims instead. Maybe it's because the passive style of reporting from the Japanese culture or maybe Haruki Murakami is a really bad interviewer, but he should not write nonfiction anymore.

He is awful as a reporter.

This book just dragged on. I was really hoping to give at least three stars, but it's two stars at best.

There is one compelling story that I liked the most. It was about the housewife when she found out that her husband was one of the casualties. Her in laws came by train to the hospital to see their dead son. The family got closer and life went on, but his daughter will never know her father.

Just as you breathe, you dream your story

"without a proper ego nobody can create a personal narrative, any more than you can drive a car without an engine, or cast a shadow without a real physical object. But once you've consigned your ego to someone else, where on earth do you go from there?"
- Haruki Murakami, Underground

Looking back 20 years to the Tokyo Gas Attack, it seems inevitable that Murakami would write about it. Writing about dark tunnels that bridge both the victims and the devout, that link a damp tongue of evil with the milk of everyday kindness seems a natural space for Murakami.

This isn't a perfect look at Japanese Death Cults or even the Sarin Subway Attack of 1995. It is basically a series of interviews. First with the victims of the attack, the survivors, the families, the doctors and scientists. The few who would actually talk about it. That was part of the purpose of this book. Japanese culture was quiet about the attack. The government would prefer to move past mistakes. The survivors too just wanted to move past their second victimization. The Japanese Psyche is an area that interested Murakami and he seemed to feel a need to explore the wounds that festered in Japan after the attack (and the Kobe quake). He felt a need to let the harmed speak; to give voice to silent; to clear the air. He wanted to return to his country and shine a light into the dark tunnels that many there wanted to seal off forever.

After interviewing a few of the victims (most of the hundreds of victims didn't want to talk about it, and only a few dozen were willing to be interviewed, even with Murakami's VERY liberal interview process), and after Underground was first published, Murakami wanted to get a better sense of those members of the Aum Shinrikyo cult. So, he added a section. He might not get to interview those who actually perpetrated the Sarin gas attack, but he could speak to their brothers and sisters. He could use those same techniques to explore what drew these young, intelligent seekers into a cult that would perpetrate such a heinous attack. He did it with very little pre-judgement. Those he interviewed from Aum covered the track of belief. Some had left. Many had moved on into smaller pods, surviving the best they could. Some struggled inside belief. Some struggled outside of belief, now empty of their faith, but unable to return to any form of normalcy.

In many way the book reminded me of both Jon Krakauer's 'Under the Banner of Heaven: A Story of Violent Faith' and Lawrence Wright's 'Going Clear: Scientology, Hollywood, and the Prison of Belief'. Murakami's book was less formal, less direct, and not quite as sharp as Krakauer or Wright's books. He let his subjects speak and thus the story would always remain unfocused a bit. His book's structural limitations let you sympathize with both groups, but there was very little mapping to the narrative.

It was a good book, just not a great book. It was interesting, just not fascinating. I'm glad I read it more because it was a Murakami book and less because it was a great book about cults or terrorism. It was a check mark. It was a pin on a map. It alone, however, wasn't a destination.

The narrators did a fine job, but there were several minor production issues (repetitions, gaps, etc) that only irritated a bit. Enough to acknowledge, but not enough to burn something down.