Madness

Race and Insanity in a Jim Crow Asylum

By: Antonia Hylton

Narrated by: Antonia Hylton

In the tradition of The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks, a compelling 93-year history of Crownsville Hospital, one of the nation’s last segregated asylums, told by an award-winning journalist on her decade-long search for sanity in America’s mental healthcare system.

On a cold day in March of 1911, officials marched twelve Black men into the heart of a forest in Maryland. Under the supervision of a doctor, the men were forced to clear the land, pour cement, lay bricks, and harvest tobacco. When construction finished, they became the first twelve patients of the state’s Hospital for the Negro Insane. For centuries, Black patients have been absent from our history books. Madness transports listeners behind the brick walls of a Jim Crow asylum.

In Madness, Peabody and Emmy award-winning journalist Antonia Hylton tells the 93-year-old history of Crownsville Hospital, one of the last segregated asylums with surviving records and a campus that still stands to this day in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. She blends the intimate tales of patients and employees whose lives were shaped by Crownsville with a decade-worth of investigative research and archival documents. Madness chronicles the stories of Black families whose mental health suffered as they tried, and sometimes failed, to find safety and dignity. Hylton also grapples with her own family’s experiences with mental illness, and the secrecy and shame that it reproduced for generations.

As Crownsville Hospital grew from an antebellum-style work camp to a tiny city sitting on 1,500 acres, the institution became a microcosm of America’s evolving battles over slavery, racial integration, and civil rights. During its peak years, the hospital’s wards were overflowing with almost 2,700 patients. By the end of the 20th-century, the asylum faded from view as prisons and jails became America’s new focus.

In Madness, Hylton traces the legacy of slavery to the treatment of Black people’s bodies and minds in our current mental healthcare system. It is a captivating and heartbreaking meditation on how America decides who is sick or criminal, and who is worthy of our care or irredeemable.

©2024 Antonia Hylton (P)2024 Legacy Lit

Historical impact on today

Excellent!! This book uncovers the relationship between crime, mental illness and the need for society to wake up.

Madness

I never gave any thought to this subject matter. Enlightening, emotional and devastating. I am in tears.

How mental health was viewed for Black Americans back in the day in md

I like the authors voice and the stories that complement the history. A must read!

Should Be Required Reading

I read this for personal learning reasons. I love history and I’m a counselor. Every school counselor school psych school social worker foster care worker and administrator should read this for context. Yes this is a book focused largely on history, But understand that this book is a VERY clear depiction of what has happened in this country to people of color with (or without!) mental health needs, especially children. It is a snippet of what has happened. The beliefs and effects of this do not magically disappear with legislation. The writing, research, organization, and performance make this a five star listen. It does not “read” like a history book. Hylton is a talented historian and writer. This book makes me very proud to be a Black woman in mental health care. The dedication to writing this is UN.MATCHED. Thank you so much for writing this. Thank you thank you thank you

Powerful interlacing of a history of mental health and the social context…

…in which mental health care was presented. As a Marylander living 20 minutes from Crownsville I was never aware of the legacy of those grounds. My kids have gone to the Indian Creek School for events and the juxtaposition of one side of Crownsville Road to the other side is an apt metaphor for the context in which that hospital evolved and its place in Maryland history. The story was not only poignant but it gave a human face to the people who worked and were treated at that facility.

This is must read!

I really don't even know how to describe the importance of this book. For anyone who is involved in health, mental health or the education system this is a must read.

Good book about bad times

I was very glad I picked this book to listen to. I grew up in New Jersey but went to college in SE Texas and saw Jim Crow in the early 1960s. This book was a great reminder of what discrimination can and still dies to the oppressed. I can't say I enjoyed the book but I praise the author for researching it and writing it. Also, I'm very glad I read it.

Thank you!

Thank you for honoring those who were at Crownsville and telling their story! Thank you for inspiring us to do the right things in the future!

Jim Crow Era Assylum

Definitely a good story. The author does a good job of pulling everything together. The ability to meet with the families and staff and share their story is wonderful. I wish there were more details about specific people, but they just don’t exist.

Jim Crow Lives

This is the story of Crownsville State Hospital in Maryland, an institution for mentally ill Blacks that for most of its history was an underfunded and poorly administered dumping ground in the guise of a hospital. It housed not only psychiatric patients, but persons with other disabilities, criminals, and more generally Blacks who for whatever reason — legitimate or not — crossed paths with law enforcement. It is a horrific story of abuse, neglect, racial stereotyping, and general disregard for people who desperately needed support and expert care, but who were often brutalized by a system supposedly designed to benefit them. This institution existed until the early 21st century. Sadly, it’s just one example of similar institutions around the country. And, though to a much lesser degree, is an indictment of some systems and institutions (large and small) currently serving persons with disabilities, especially minorities, that continue to be underfunded, poorly staffed, and often incapable of providing expert care to their residents/patients.