⚔️ 1297 – Scottish forces led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray defeated a larger English army at the Battle of Stirling Bridge, securing a major victory in the First War of Scottish Independence. 🏴🏴‍☠️

🌍 1609 – English explorer Henry Hudson sailed into the Hudson River while searching for a northwest passage, laying the foundation for Dutch colonization and the future establishment of New York City. ⛵🌆

👮 1919 – The Boston Police Strike began, as officers protested low wages, leading to days of unrest and marking a significant moment in U.S. labor history, with lasting effects on police unions. 🚔💼

🏢 1941 – Construction of the Pentagon, the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense, began in Washington, D.C., symbolizing American military power and strategy. 🏢🇺🇸

🇳🇱 1944 – Allied forces liberated Maastricht, the first Dutch city freed from Nazi occupation, in a key step toward the liberation of the Netherlands during World War II. 🌍✌️

🇨🇱 1973 – General Augusto Pinochet led a military coup in Chile, overthrowing President Salvador Allende and beginning a 17-year dictatorship marked by human rights abuses. 🇨🇱⚔️

✌️ 1978 – Peace talks between Egypt and Israel began at the Camp David Summit, mediated by U.S. President Jimmy Carter, leading to the Camp David Accords and peace between the two nations. 🕊️🇪🇬🇮🇱

🇭🇺 1989 – Hungary opened its border with Austria, allowing East Germans to flee to the West and accelerating the collapse of communist regimes in Eastern Europe. 🇭🇺✊

🏴 1997 – Scotland voted in a referendum to establish its own parliament with devolved powers, marking a significant step toward self-governance within the United Kingdom. 🏴🗳️

🇺🇸 2001 – The 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York City and Washington, D.C., killed nearly 3,000 people, leading to the U.S.-led War on Terror and significant global changes. 🇺🇸💔