Liam Collins is the executive director of the Madison Policy Forum and a permanent member of the Council on Foreign Relations. As a former Colonel in the United States Army, Liam was a career Special Forces officer serving combat deployments in Afghanistan, Iraq, Bosnia, South America, and the Horn of Africa. He worked alongside now-retired General John Abizaid who was the Senior Defense Advisor to Ukraine, appointed by the then-Secretary of Defence. Today we talk about the reform of Ukraine's military since 2014 and how it has contributed to Ukraine's success in fighting Russian forces at the present moment. Credit to Composer: Scott Holmes: Scottholmesmusic.com

Marnie Lloydd is a lecturer at Victoria University of Wellington whose research looks into international law related to armed conflicts. Marnie worked for more than ten years as a Protection Delegate and Legal Adviser with the International Committee of the Red Cross, undertaking deployments in Ethiopia, Sri Lanka, Chad, Afghanistan and DR Congo. Today we talk about foreign fighters leaving New Zealand and how these individuals could become open to prosecution from international law and terrorism laws here in New Zealand. We also discuss the Geneva Conventions and how they would apply in this context, looking at the political issues for legislation that might look to prevent individuals fighting in a conflict abroad. Credit to Composer: Scott Holmes: Scottholmesmusic.com

Douglas Atkinson is a Postdoctoral University Assistant at the University of Salzburg. His line of research uses game theory to understand wars like the one playing out between Ukraine and Russia at the moment. Here we discuss costs, where they come from and how they influence a conflict. Discussing war as a political activity, Douglas talks about how actors impose costs on each other and the role international actors have in shaping how the war in Ukraine will progress going forward. Credit to Composer: Scott Holmes: Scottholmesmusic.com