Climate change refers to long-term changes in the average weather patterns on Earth, particularly an increase in global average temperature.

This phenomenon is largely driven by human activities, including the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, industrial processes, and other activities that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

The primary greenhouse gases responsible for trapping heat and causing global warming are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases.

The consequences of climate change are widespread and include:

Rising temperatures: Global average temperatures are increasing, leading to more frequent and intense heatwaves.

Melting ice and rising sea levels: Ice caps and glaciers are melting, contributing to rising sea levels. This poses a threat to coastal communities and ecosystems.

Extreme weather events: Climate change is associated with an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, floods, and wildfires.

Ocean acidification: The absorption of excess CO2 by the oceans leads to increased acidity, affecting marine life and ecosystems.

Disruption of ecosystems: Changes in temperature and precipitation patterns can impact ecosystems, leading to shifts in plant and animal species distribution.

Threats to biodiversity: Many species may struggle to adapt or face extinction due to changes in their habitats and food sources.

Addressing climate change involves both mitigation and adaptation strategies. Mitigation focuses on reducing or preventing the emission of greenhouse gases, transitioning to renewable energy sources, and improving energy efficiency.

Adaptation involves making adjustments to social, economic, and environmental practices to minimize the damage caused by climate change.

International efforts, such as the Paris Agreement, aim to bring countries together to limit global temperature increases and mitigate the impacts of climate change.

Individual and collective actions are essential to achieving a sustainable and resilient future in the face of climate change.