The Optimism Bias

A Tour of the Irrationally Positive Brain

De: Tali Sharot

Narrado por: Susan Denaker

From one of the most innovative neuroscientists at work today, an investigation into the bias toward optimism that exists on a neural level in our brains and plays a major part in determining how we live our lives. Psychologists have long been aware that most people maintain an often irrationally positive outlook on life. In fact, optimism may be crucial to our existence. Tali Sharot’s experiments, research, and findings in cognitive science have contributed to an increased understanding of the biological basis of optimism. In this fascinating exploration, she takes an in-depth, clarifying look at how the brain generates hope and what happens when it fails; how the brains of optimists and pessimists differ; why we are terrible at predicting what will make us happy; how emotions strengthen our ability to recollect; how anticipation and dread affect us; and how our optimistic illusions affect our financial, professional, and emotional decisions.

With its cutting-edge science and its wide-ranging and accessible narrative, The Optimism Bias provides us with startling new insight into the workings of the brain.

PLEASE NOTE: When you purchase this title, the accompanying PDF will be available in your Audible Library along with the audio.

©2011 Tali Sharot (P)2011 Random House

Reseñas de la Crítica

"What a treat. A charming, engaging and accessible book written by a scientist who knows how to tell a story." (Richard Thaler, author of Nudge)

"Very enjoyable, highly original and packed with eye-opening insight, this is a beautifully written book that really brings psychology alive." (Simon Baron-Cohen, author of The Science of Evil)

"With rare talent Sharot takes us on an unforgettable tour of the hopes, traps and tricks of our brains…cutting-edge…a must-read.” (David Eagleman, author of Sum and Incognito)

In Support of 'The Optimism Bias'

If you have made a career in educational technology then you must spend your days fighting against the "optimism bias." Work in technology long enough and you know that it is normal for our technology to fail. Projects take longer to complete than scheduled.

Vendors don't deliver products, updates, or patches when promised. Software is overly complex, and all too often poorly designed. Disks crash. Databases degrade. Data will be lost. We will fail to backup. The network will go down.
Why is it that all of us persist in believing in a higher ed that is transformed by technology?

Why do we see a bright future for technology enabled learning when the present is often so challenging? Tali Sharot tells us that our brains are hard wired for optimism, and that this evolved adaptation is a net positive for the success of our species. A brain that is designed to see a positive future is a helpful tool for motivating us to work harder today.
The ground that Sharot covers in The Optimism Bias is familiar to readers of popular nonfiction in fields ranging from brain science to social psychology to behavioral economics to evolutionary biology. One hopes that Kahneman and Tversky get a royalty for every time they are mentioned in one of these books.

At this point, there should be no doubt that we are "predictably irrational", why we "blunder", that the "gorilla is indeed invisible", that "choosing is an art", that we are very good at "being wrong", that we enjoy an "upside of irrationality", and that there is a "genius in all of us". And despite what Sharot argues, we are indeed "rational optimists", that our best behaviors (our "drive") comes from internal motivations, and that in the end we are nothing more than "well-dressed apes". Sharot does a great job of covering "how we decide", and that our optimistic brains are susceptible to "nudges", although she doesn't spend much time considering how the "male brain" differs from the "female brain". Our optimism bias helps explain "why we make mistakes", and why it is necessary to "outsmart our mind's hard-wired habits." We "stumble on happiness", as we are poor predictors of what will make us happy and how events in our lives (from winning the lottery to cancer to divorce) will change our outlook on life. Our brains are indeed a "kluge", but if we keep our "minds wide open" we might just outsmart "the ape in the corner office" down the hall, as long as we understand the "brain rules" that govern our behavior.

There seems to be a limited set of social psychological and behavior economics experiments that everyone draws upon to write these popular academic nonfiction books. Sharot adds to this bookshelf, with fluid writing and a good description of her own research (mostly in imaging and behavior). She is a good synthesizer, a decent storyteller, and an able guide to this (well-trod) literature.

I'll keep reading these books because I find them particularly applicable to my role at the intersection of technology and education. From this book, I learned the power of setting optimistic goals for my team ("we will knock this program out of the park!"), while always being aware that optimistic predictions about our future are often the product of our imperfectly evolved brains.

Interesting experiments littered with speculations

Would you try another book from Tali Sharot and/or Susan Denaker?

Overall I'd prefer to read about the same research from somebody less imaginative and sensation-seeking.

Any additional comments?

Many speculations and wild interpretations cast doubts on the actual experimental results, which themselves are relevant and useful. As long as the author writes about fMRI experiments, it's engaging and valuable. Then she moves on to speculations about Stalin's psychological processes, cites an athlete's magazine interview as if it meant anything, gives ungrounded psychological explanations for a specific construction project delays, and makes claims about THE cause of close victory of one sport teams against some another.

What stroke me was calling perfectly rational reasoning biased: the author thinks that we should all expect that our life expectancy is equal to the developed countries average. Then she asks a very biased sample of elite college students and attributes their higher expectations to a cognitive bias, while in fact they may be just right based on their specific demographics.

Moreover, it's presented as a surprising and irrational that people are optimistic about economy outlook in times of depression, but the author somehow misses that it's actually perfectly rational.

Great Content

The content and informative nature of this book was worth the listen; however, the narration was not so enjoyable. While I appreciate the narrator's attempt at distinguishing speakers with her intonation (making her voice sound deeper to portray a man speaking) it was distracting and made it difficult to follow along. Id recommend this book based on its content alone, but not as a pleasurable listen.

Great narration and thought-provoking book

Yes, the book was filled with insights into how the mind works, and why it works the way it does. It also provides some useful tips about how to influence people including the idea that by giving someone a choice, they'll become committed to whatever they end up choosing.
And the narrator was great! She had the perfect British teacher tone that was perfect for the book.

great book, very informative

I loved the fluency and the simplicity of the explantions of such complicated ideas. great read.

Classic case of researcher reporting subjectively.

%5-10 of the book is data and research.
the remaining %90-95 is speculation presented as data and research (above).

E.G. 1
Loose quote from mid book,
"Did Obama's speech trigger increased levels of oxytocin in the brains of the crowd? We would not be surprised to find that this is true. "
E.G. 2
Bobby (white) and Bill (black) play basketball.
Bobby and Bill are equally good at the game. (This is an impossibility of course)
a bunch more fallacious representations and impossibilities later later......
The author offers up the carefully woven speculation as fact.

Meh.
I became ill of having to pay attention to what was assumption and what was upheld factual data. thus I stopped half way through to prevent myself from taking in the remainder of the mis represented data, and accidentally informing myself incorrectly.

Very technical

I found myself fast forwarding to get through it. Lots of examples of the same thing. Not my cup of tea.