Science Fictions あなたが知らない科学の真実
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Science Fictions あなたが知らない科学の真実
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☆日経新聞書評掲載！（3月23日書評欄）
スタンフォード監獄実験はイカサマだった！
・『ファスト＆スロー』にもある”再現性の危機”
・論文不正件数の世界1位は、ある日本人の183件！
・権威ある心理学研究100件のうち、再現に成功したのはたった39％！？
科学の信頼性を根底から揺るがす
「再現性の危機」に迫る話題書、日本上陸！
著名な科学実験やベストセラーの間違いを紹介しながら、科学における不正・怠慢・バイアス・誇張が生じるしくみを多数の実例とともに解説。単なる科学批判ではなく、科学の原則に沿って軌道修正することを提唱する。既存の本で知ったウンチクを得意げに語る人に読ませたい、真実の書。
【本書の構成】
◎第1部「あるべき」と「ある」
第1章 科学の仕組み
科学研究活動の基本の流れ／真の科学が備える価値観
第2章 再現性の危機
再現性が失われた原因／医学における大きすぎる代償
◎第2部 欠陥と瑕疵
・第3章 詐欺
科学の歴史上まれに見る汚点／単純な手口による悪質な不正／
操作された画像／ノイズの消されたデータ／不正な科学の蔓延／
科学者に紛れ込む詐欺師／一度の不正から広がる影響
・第4章 バイアス
発表されないNULLの画像／メタアナリシスで科学を再分析する
「良い値」が出るまで何度もサイコロを振る／
研究成果をゆがめる利害関係者のたくらみ／バイアスは人間の性である
・第5章 過失
数値の誤りをどう見抜くか／サンプルサイズと検定力の関係／
候補遺伝子研究の教訓／謙虚で控え目な科学はどこへ
・第6章 誇張
注目される研究の重要性が誇張を生み出す／ポピュラーサイエンス本の誇張された期待感
科学者が注目を集めるテクニック／栄養学研究の期待と現実／正しさより誇張を強いるシステム
◎第3部 原因と対処法
・第7章 逆インセンティブ
駄論文が量産される2つの原因／被引用回数が自己目的化する
質を低下させるインセンティブ設計
・第8章 科学を修正する
科学を治す潮流／データ・手法から対策する
事前登録の運用と効果／広がるオープンサイエンスの思想
誇張を抑制するプレプリント／科学を修正するためのさまざまなシステム
技術革新により高まる気運／「退屈で信頼できる」科学へ
付録 科学論文の読み方©2024 Kaoru Yahano (P)2025 Audible, Inc.
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