
Libertad o destino
¿Tenemos libre albedrío o nuestra vida está predestinada?
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Narrado por:
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Virtual Voice
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De:
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Lucas Bracco

Este título utiliza narración de voz virtual
Acerca de esta escucha
Y es que el problema de la libertad es, en esencia, una paradoja. En filosofía, una paradoja surge cuando dos creencias supuestamente evidentes son incompatibles entre sí. En el caso del problema de la libertad, tenemos, por un lado, la creencia en la ley de la causalidad universal según la cual todo cuanto sucede en el universo tiene una causa. Todos creemos en esta ley casi de manera instintiva, pero, por otro lado, creemos también que algunos de nuestros actos son libres. Estas dos creencias conducen a resultados aparentemente incompatibles, pues si nuestros actos son el efecto de una cadena causal que se remonta hasta un pasado inmemorial, nuestros actos no podrían ser libres. Ahora bien, algunos filósofos han intentado argumentar a favor de una compatibilidad esencial entre, por un lado, la inexorabilidad de la ley causal y, por el otro, la existencia del libre albedrío. Ya se verá si logran convencernos con sus argumentos.
En Libertad o destino intentaremos resolver la paradoja de la libertad apelando a distintos argumentos y contestando diversas preguntas desde la filosofía. Para empezar, ¿qué entendemos por libre albedrío? ¿Qué es el determinismo? ¿En qué se distingue este último del fatalismo y qué tiene que ver uno y otro con la libertad? ¿Somos libres puesto que deliberamos o esto es solo una ilusión? ¿Determinismo y libre albedrío son realmente incompatibles o podemos afirmar que ambos son al mismo tiempo verdaderos? ¿Habría responsabilidad moral sin libre albedrío? Si la ciencia descubriera que no somos libres, ¿cómo cambiaría su vida y la de los suyos? Y si fuera lo contrario, ¿qué significaría hacernos plenamente responsables de nuestra libertad?
Contenido temático:
- ¿Qué es el determinismo?
- Diferencia entre fatalismo y determinismo
- Dos principios del fatalismo
- Un argumento fatalista más interesante
- Usted es un determinista, aunque no lo sepa
- El problema ético del determinismo
- La posición libertaria
- El libre albedrío es una creencia del sentido común
- La deliberación y la creencia en nuestra libertad
- Lo que nos dice la introspección
- Evidencia empírica de que pudimos haber actuado de otro modo
- Actuar conforme al motivo más fuerte
- Compatibilismo vs incompatibilismo
- La volición y la libertad
- Razones y causas
- Causas y predicciones
- El sentido de «pudo»
- La incoherencia de la noción de libre albedrío
- Consecuencias del determinismo
- ¿Qué si el determinismo es verdadero?
- La libertad en el existencialismo de Jean-Paul Sartre
- En el ser humano, la existencia precede a la esencia
- Ateísmo y libertad
- La angustia de ser responsables de toda la humanidad
- El existencialismo como una filosofía de la acción
- Libertad para superar nuestra «condición humana»
- Ser libre es crear
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