Element of Functional English Learning

Reading Writing and Speaking

De: Krishna Kumar Singh

Narrado por: Virtual Voice

The compilers of this book would be wanting in courtesy if they did not expressly say what might otherwise be safely left to the reader's discernment: the frequent appearance in it of any author's or newspaper's name does not mean that that author or newspaper offends more often than others against rules of grammar or style; it merely shows that they have been among the necessarily limited number chosen to collect instances from. The plan of the book was dictated by the following considerations. It is notorious that English writers seldom look into a Practical English or composition book; the reading of Practical English is repellent because, being bound to be exhaustive on a greater or less scale, they must give much space to the obvious or the unnecessary; and composition books are often useless because they enforce their warnings only by fabricated blunders against which every trio feels himself quite safe. The principle adopted here has therefore been (1) to pass by all rules, of whatever absolute importance, that are shown by observation to be seldom or never broken; and (2) to illustrate by living examples, with the name of a reputable authority attached to each, all blunders that observation shows to be common. The reader, however, who is thus led to suspect that the only method followed has been the rejection of method will find, it is hoped, a practical security against inconvenience in the very full Index. Further, since the positive literary virtues are not to be taught by brief quotation, nor otherwise attained than by improving the gifts of nature with wide or careful reading, whereas something may really be done for the negative virtues by mere exhibition of what should be avoided, the examples collected have had to be examples of the bad and not of the good. To this it must be added that a considerable proportion of the newspaper extracts are, as is sometimes apparent, not from the editorial, but from the correspondence columns; the names attached are merely an assurance that the passages have actually appeared in print, and not been now invented to point a moral. The especial thanks of the compilers are offered to all, who has been good enough to inspect the proof sheets, and whose many valuable suggestions have led to the removal of some too unqualified statements, some confused exposition, and some positive mistakes. It is due to him, however, to say that his warnings have now and then been disregarded, when it seemed that brevity or some other advantage could be secured without great risk of misunderstanding. On all questions of vocabulary, even if so slightly handled as in the first chapter of this book, that great work is now indispensable. This my earnest request that teachers, who would be responsible for imparting the lessons of Practical English, must prepare their lesson before teaching in class room. Preparation is quite obvious, because they know the actual standard of all students who are in their class room to be taught. The present book has been specially planned to alleviate the demanding and laconic attempt to cover a wide range of proponent the problems of Practical English – Reading, Speaking, Listening, and Writing Proficiency. We are deeply indebted to all the Websites and Academicians, Researchers, HR professionals and all who participated directly or indirectly in authoring this book, giving us generously not only their time but also their knowledge and perspectives. I have mentioned a few of them in the book, but many others who provided their cooperation a lot go unnamed. I pay my deep acknowledgement, from my core of heart, to all concerned people to pay their hearty as well as practical help to this book. And to so many others who have been left unnamed. We are also grateful to the United States of America and United Kingdom of England for their great help from Educational Associations of Management Studies, which provided a management literature, without th