Географическая ось истории
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Географическая ось истории
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Narrado por:
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Дмитрий Шабров
Acerca de esta escucha
Сэр Хэлфорд Джон Маккиндер - английский географ, преподаватель Оксфордского университета, член палаты общин парламента Британии, один из основателей геополитики как науки.В своем основном труде «Географическая ось истории» Маккиндер ввел понятие Хартленда, обозначив так центральную часть Евразии, вокруг которой расположены внутренняя дуга (Европа - Аравия - Индокитай) и периферийная дуга (Америка - Африка - Океания).В вышедшей после Первой мировой войны работе «Демократические идеалы и реальность» ученый развил дальше свою теорию осевого региона, видоизменив в ней некоторые прежние положения.В 1943 году выходит последний, третий труд Маккиндера — «Земной шар и достижение мира», где кардинально пересматривается будущее мировое устройство после окончания Второй мировой войны.В своей работе Маккиндер вводит новую геополитическую ось — США, обосновывает идею геополитических блоков и предсказывает становление двуполярного мира, вращающегося вокруг двух противостоящих друг другу осей: Соединенных Штатов и Советского Союза (Хартленда).
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